| ┌1A. | Staminate flowers each comprised of one stamenStamen: The pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower.
; thecaeThecae: One of the lobes of an anther in which pollen is produced.
on the proximal side of the flower (with respect to spadixSpadix: A spike of minute flowers closely arranged around a fleshy axis and typically enclosed in a spathe.
axis) .. 2
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| │ | ┌2A. | Connective not expanded, individual staminate flowers horseshoe-shaped; staminodeStaminode: A sterile or abortive stamen, frequently resembling a stamen without its anther.
s of interstice horseshoeshaped, expanding laterally post pistilPistil: The female reproductive part of a flower.
late anthesisAnthesis: The period during which pollen is presented and/or the stigma is receptive.
; spatheSpathe: A large sheathing bract enclosing the flower cluster.
limb caducousCaducous: Easily detached and shed at an early stage.
, falling by lesion from the lower, persistentPersistent: Remaining attached to the plant beyond the usual time of falling.
spatheSpathe: A large sheathing bract enclosing the flower cluster.
; primary lateral veinVein: Venation types: A. midrib; B. primary lateral veins; C. interprimaray veins; D. secondary veins; E. collective veins; F. tertiary veins; G. basal ribs; H. basal veins. 
s not conspicuously raised .. 3
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| │ | │ | ┌3A. | Leaf blades quilted, abaxialAbaxial: Facing away from the stem of a plant (especially denoting the lower surface of a leaf).
ly with conspicuous pellucidPellucid: Translucently clear.
interprimary veinVein: Venation types: A. midrib; B. primary lateral veins; C. interprimaray veins; D. secondary veins; E. collective veins; F. tertiary veins; G. basal ribs; H. basal veins.
s; adaxially with primary lateral veinVein: Venation types: A. midrib; B. primary lateral veins; C. interprimaray veins; D. secondary veins; E. collective veins; F. tertiary veins; G. basal ribs; H. basal veins.
s impressed; petiolePetiole: Leaf stem.
s scabrousScabrous: Rough and covered with, or as if with, scabs.
; staminate flowers completely verruculose; appendixAppendix: Sterile appendage at the end of a spadix.
staminodeStaminode: A sterile or abortive stamen, frequently resembling a stamen without its anther.
s deeply and irregularly fissured. Central northern Schwaner Mountains (Melawi and Sanggau, Kalimantan Barat), sandstones .. 📌Aridarum rostratum
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| │ | │ | ├3B. | Leaf blades smooth, abaxialAbaxial: Facing away from the stem of a plant (especially denoting the lower surface of a leaf).
ly without pellucidPellucid: Translucently clear.
interprimary veinVein: Venation types: A. midrib; B. primary lateral veins; C. interprimaray veins; D. secondary veins; E. collective veins; F. tertiary veins; G. basal ribs; H. basal veins.
s; primary lateral veinVein: Venation types: A. midrib; B. primary lateral veins; C. interprimaray veins; D. secondary veins; E. collective veins; F. tertiary veins; G. basal ribs; H. basal veins.
s barely visible; petiolePetiole: Leaf stem.
s smooth; staminate flowers glabrousGlabrous: Smooth. Free from hair or down.
, or with only connective having a verruculose margin .. 4
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| │ | │ | │ | ┌4A. | ThecaeThecae: One of the lobes of an anther in which pollen is produced.
horns stout. Gunung Sepangin (Putussibau, Kalimantan Barat), granites .. 📌Aridarum uncum
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| │ | │ | │ | ├4B. | ThecaeThecae: One of the lobes of an anther in which pollen is produced.
horns very slender .. 5
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| │ | │ | │ | │ | ┌5A. | Leaf blades adaxially slightly velvety very dark green; spatheSpathe: A large sheathing bract enclosing the flower cluster.
ca. 5.5 cm long; spadixSpadix: A spike of minute flowers closely arranged around a fleshy axis and typically enclosed in a spathe.
ca. 2.5 cm long; interpistilPistil: The female reproductive part of a flower.
lar staminodeStaminode: A sterile or abortive stamen, frequently resembling a stamen without its anther.
s absent; interstice staminodeStaminode: A sterile or abortive stamen, frequently resembling a stamen without its anther.
s rather weakly differentiated from the staminate flowers; appendixAppendix: Sterile appendage at the end of a spadix.
staminodeStaminode: A sterile or abortive stamen, frequently resembling a stamen without its anther.
s lacking glands. Western Muller Mountains, Nanga Suruk (Kapuas Hulu, Kalimantan Barat), volcanics .. 📌Aridarum surukense
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| │ | │ | │ | │ | ├5B. | Leaf blades semi-glossy medium to dark green; spatheSpathe: A large sheathing bract enclosing the flower cluster.
ca. 7 cm long; spadixSpadix: A spike of minute flowers closely arranged around a fleshy axis and typically enclosed in a spathe.
3.5-4 cm long; interpistilPistil: The female reproductive part of a flower.
lar staminodeStaminode: A sterile or abortive stamen, frequently resembling a stamen without its anther.
s present at the base of the spadixSpadix: A spike of minute flowers closely arranged around a fleshy axis and typically enclosed in a spathe.
; interstice staminodeStaminode: A sterile or abortive stamen, frequently resembling a stamen without its anther.
s well differentiated from the staminate flowers; appendixAppendix: Sterile appendage at the end of a spadix.
staminodeStaminode: A sterile or abortive stamen, frequently resembling a stamen without its anther.
s with conspicuous pellucidPellucid: Translucently clear.
glands .. 6
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| │ | │ | │ | │ | │ | ┌6A. | Staminate flowers in ca. 3 rows, white. Nanga Taman (Kalimantan Barat), sandstones .. 📌Aridarum hippocrepis
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| │ | │ | │ | │ | │ | └6B. | Staminate flowers in ca. 6 rows, pale orange. Schwaner Mountains, Gunung Alat (Sintang, Kalimantan Barat), metamorphics .. 📌Aridarum alatense
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| │ | ├2B. | Connective expanded on the distal side (with respect to the spadixSpadix: A spike of minute flowers closely arranged around a fleshy axis and typically enclosed in a spathe.
axis) into a rim; staminodeStaminode: A sterile or abortive stamen, frequently resembling a stamen without its anther.
s of interstice (if present) never horseshoe-shaped and never expanding; spatheSpathe: A large sheathing bract enclosing the flower cluster.
limb deliquescing acroscopically from the junction with the lower persistentPersistent: Remaining attached to the plant beyond the usual time of falling.
part; leaf blades with the primary lateral veinVein: Venation types: A. midrib; B. primary lateral veins; C. interprimaray veins; D. secondary veins; E. collective veins; F. tertiary veins; G. basal ribs; H. basal veins.
s raised conspicuously adaxially .. 7
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| │ | │ | ┌7A. | PistilPistil: The female reproductive part of a flower.
late and staminate flower zones separated by a naked interstice equalling the staminate flower zone in length; staminodeStaminode: A sterile or abortive stamen, frequently resembling a stamen without its anther.
s few, cylindricclavateClavate: Club-shaped; thicker at the apex than at the base.
, at base of staminate flower zone; stamenStamen: The pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower.
s and appendixAppendix: Sterile appendage at the end of a spadix.
staminodeStaminode: A sterile or abortive stamen, frequently resembling a stamen without its anther.
s verrucate. Loreh (Malinau Selatan, Kalimantan Utara), shales .. 📌Aridarum kazuyae
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| │ | │ | ├7B. | PistilPistil: The female reproductive part of a flower.
late and staminate flower zones not separated by a naked interstice, or if interstice present then very short; staminodeStaminode: A sterile or abortive stamen, frequently resembling a stamen without its anther.
s at base of staminate zone absent or globose; stamenStamen: The pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower.
s and appendixAppendix: Sterile appendage at the end of a spadix.
staminodeStaminode: A sterile or abortive stamen, frequently resembling a stamen without its anther.
s smooth .. 8
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| │ | │ | │ | ┌8A. | Leaf blades linearLinear: 
-lanceolateLanceolate: 
, adaxially with strong marginal veinVein: Venation types: A. midrib; B. primary lateral veins; C. interprimaray veins; D. secondary veins; E. collective veins; F. tertiary veins; G. basal ribs; H. basal veins.
s; pistilPistil: The female reproductive part of a flower.
late flower zone with a few vermiform staminodeStaminode: A sterile or abortive stamen, frequently resembling a stamen without its anther.
s at the base. Muller Range (Kalimantan Tengah), volcanics .. 📌Aridarum minimum
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| │ | │ | │ | ├8B. | Leaf blades not linearLinear:
-lanceolateLanceolate:
; pistilPistil: The female reproductive part of a flower.
late flower zone with none or prismatic staminodeStaminode: A sterile or abortive stamen, frequently resembling a stamen without its anther.
s at the base .. 9
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| │ | │ | │ | │ | ┌9A. | StamenStamen: The pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower.
connective convex, distal rim rounded, smooth or slightly sulcateSulcate: Furrowed; grooved.
; staminodeStaminode: A sterile or abortive stamen, frequently resembling a stamen without its anther.
s at base of staminate flower zone absent or closely resembling staminate flowers; thecaeThecae: One of the lobes of an anther in which pollen is produced.
horns long, stiff, arching. Gunung Rian, (Tana Tidung, Kalimantan Utara), shales .. 📌Aridarum orientale
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| │ | │ | │ | │ | └9B. | StamenStamen: The pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower.
connective concave, distal rim serrate-dentate; staminodeStaminode: A sterile or abortive stamen, frequently resembling a stamen without its anther.
s at base of staminate flower zone globose; thecaeThecae: One of the lobes of an anther in which pollen is produced.
horns rather soft, short, straight. Hose Mountains (Kapit, C. Sarawak), limestones .. 📌Aridarum burttii
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| ├1B. | Staminate flowers each comprised of two stamenStamen: The pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower.
s; thecaeThecae: One of the lobes of an anther in which pollen is produced.
on the longitudinal ends, or the inner face of each antherAnther: The part of a stamen that contains the pollen.
of the stamenStamen: The pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower.
pair .. 10
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| │ | ┌10A. | ThecaeThecae: One of the lobes of an anther in which pollen is produced.
on each end of each antherAnther: The part of a stamen that contains the pollen.
11
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| │ | │ | ┌11A. | Horns of thecaeThecae: One of the lobes of an anther in which pollen is produced.
very long and thin, with the tips overlapping; stamenStamen: The pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower.
connective not excavated .. 12
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| │ | │ | │ | ┌12A. | Leaf blades linearLinear:
-lanceolateLanceolate:
, stiffly coriaceousCoriaceous: Resembling or having the texture of leather.
, up to 10 cm long 3-4.5 mm wide; stems very slender (ca. 3-4 mm diam.), trailing, clothed in netted persistentPersistent: Remaining attached to the plant beyond the usual time of falling.
fibers; spatheSpathe: A large sheathing bract enclosing the flower cluster.
ca. 2 cm long; spadixSpadix: A spike of minute flowers closely arranged around a fleshy axis and typically enclosed in a spathe.
ca. 1.5 cm long; staminate flower connective umbonate. Scattered localities in Sri Aman & Sarikei (W. Sarawak), shales .. 📌Aridarum montanum
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| │ | │ | │ | └12B. | Leaf blades ellipticElliptic: 
, softly coriaceousCoriaceous: Resembling or having the texture of leather.
, up to 22 cm long 3 5 cm wide; stems stout. (ca. 2.5 cm diam.), erect, naked; spatheSpathe: A large sheathing bract enclosing the flower cluster.
ca. 9 cm long; spadixSpadix: A spike of minute flowers closely arranged around a fleshy axis and typically enclosed in a spathe.
ca. 4.5 cm long; staminate flower connective flat with a shallow central longitudinal groove. Nanga Taman (Kalimantan Barat) & Kudangan (Kalimantan Tengah), granites .. 📌Aridarum zygosetum
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| │ | │ | ├11B. | Horns of antherAnther: The part of a stamen that contains the pollen.
thecaeThecae: One of the lobes of an anther in which pollen is produced.
short and stubby; stamenStamen: The pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower.
connective excavated or not .. 13
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| │ | │ | │ | ┌13A. | StamenStamen: The pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower.
connective deeply excavated; thecaeThecae: One of the lobes of an anther in which pollen is produced.
horns slender with a narrow base .. 14
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| │ | │ | │ | │ | ┌14A. | ThecaeThecae: One of the lobes of an anther in which pollen is produced.
horns blunt, peg-like, erect; interstice staminodeStaminode: A sterile or abortive stamen, frequently resembling a stamen without its anther.
s oblongOblong: 
in plan outline, with a deep, oblongOblong:
excavation filled at pistilPistil: The female reproductive part of a flower.
late anthesisAnthesis: The period during which pollen is presented and/or the stigma is receptive.
with a yellowish sticky substance. Riam Marthin Billa (Malinau Selatan, Kalimantan Utara), very hard shales .. 📌Aridarum hebe
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| │ | │ | │ | │ | ├14B. | ThecaeThecae: One of the lobes of an anther in which pollen is produced.
horns pointed, triangular, directed into the cavity of the connective; interstive staminodeStaminode: A sterile or abortive stamen, frequently resembling a stamen without its anther.
s 6 circular in plan outline, with an empty circular excavation. W Sarawak .. 15
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| │ | │ | │ | │ | │ | ┌15A. | Leaf arrangement strictly distichous. Matang (NW Sarawak), sandstones and granodiorite .. 📌Aridarum borneense
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| │ | │ | │ | │ | │ | ├15B. | Leaf arrangement not so .. 16
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| │ | │ | │ | │ | │ | │ | ┌16A. | Leaf blade very stiffly coriaceousCoriaceous: Resembling or having the texture of leather.
, glossy deep green adaxially when fresh; stigmaStigma: The receptive tip of a carpel, or of several fused carpels, in the gynoecium of a flower.
2/3 of ovaryOvary: The part of the pistil which holds the ovule(s) and is located above or below or at the point of connection with the base of the petals and sepals.
diameter; thecaeThecae: One of the lobes of an anther in which pollen is produced.
horns very short, rounded at the end. Gunung Gaharu & Batu Balau ('Bukit Lingga') (Sri Aman-SW Sarawak), alkaline volcanics .. 📌Aridarum crassum
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| │ | │ | │ | │ | │ | │ | └16B. | Leaf blade rubbery-coriaceousCoriaceous: Resembling or having the texture of leather.
, matte medium green adaxially when fresh; stigmaStigma: The receptive tip of a carpel, or of several fused carpels, in the gynoecium of a flower.
as wide as ovaryOvary: The part of the pistil which holds the ovule(s) and is located above or below or at the point of connection with the base of the petals and sepals.
; thecaeThecae: One of the lobes of an anther in which pollen is produced.
horns long, pointed at the end. Bako & Santubong (NW Sarawak), sandstones .. 📌Aridarum nicolsonii
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| │ | │ | │ | ├13B. | StamenStamen: The pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower.
connective not excavated; thecaeThecae: One of the lobes of an anther in which pollen is produced.
horns stout, their bases occupying the whole upper surface of the antherAnther: The part of a stamen that contains the pollen.
.. 17
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| │ | │ | │ | │ | ┌17A. | Plants 10-20 cm tall; leaves erect, 9-17 cm long, leaf blades lanceolateLanceolate:
ellipticElliptic:
; pedunclePeduncle: Flower stem.
6-9 cm long; spatheSpathe: A large sheathing bract enclosing the flower cluster.
2.5-4 cm long; spadixSpadix: A spike of minute flowers closely arranged around a fleshy axis and typically enclosed in a spathe.
1- 1.5 cm long. Gunung Niut (NW Kalimantan Barat), basalBasal: Forming or belonging to a bottom layer or base.
ts .. 📌Aridarum incavatum
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| │ | │ | │ | │ | └17B. | Plants 2 cm tall; leaves appressed, ca. 3 cm long, leaf blades oblanceolateLanceolate:
; pedunclePeduncle: Flower stem.
ca. 5 mm long; spatheSpathe: A large sheathing bract enclosing the flower cluster.
ca. 1.5 cm long; spadixSpadix: A spike of minute flowers closely arranged around a fleshy axis and typically enclosed in a spathe.
ca. 4.5 mm long. Batang Balleh (Kapit - C. Sarawak), shales .. 📌Aridarum pendek
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| │ | ├10B. | ThecaeThecae: One of the lobes of an anther in which pollen is produced.
on the inner face of each member of the stamenStamen: The pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower.
pair .. 18
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| │ | │ | ┌18A. | Staminate flowers pubescentPubescent: With a hairy surface.
.. 19
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| │ | │ | │ | ┌19A. | Leaf blades very stiff, sharply Vshaped in cross-section with the tip acicular (sharply pointed); mid-rib and marginal veinVein: Venation types: A. midrib; B. primary lateral veins; C. interprimaray veins; D. secondary veins; E. collective veins; F. tertiary veins; G. basal ribs; H. basal veins.
s equally prominent; stems very short, naked. Similaju (Sarawak: Bintulu), lowland sandstones .. 📌Aridarum velutandrum
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| │ | │ | │ | └19B. | Leaf blades softly leathery, almost flat with undulate-crispulate margins, tip provided with a tubular mucro; mid-rib and marginal veinVein: Venation types: A. midrib; B. primary lateral veins; C. interprimaray veins; D. secondary veins; E. collective veins; F. tertiary veins; G. basal ribs; H. basal veins.
s not equally prominent, marginal veinVein: Venation types: A. midrib; B. primary lateral veins; C. interprimaray veins; D. secondary veins; E. collective veins; F. tertiary veins; G. basal ribs; H. basal veins.
s almost invisible; fibrous-netted cataphyllCataphyll: A reduced, small leaf. Usually used to describe a modified leaf which lacks a blade and in appearance corresponds to a petiole sheath.
, liguleLigule: A narrow strap-shaped part of a plant, especially a membranous scale on the inner side of the leaf sheath at its junction with the blade.
, and leaf base remnants. Loagan Bunut (Sarawak: Miri-Marudi), upper hill forest sandstones .. 📌Aridarum orestum
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| │ | │ | ├18B. | Staminate flowers glabrousGlabrous: Smooth. Free from hair or down.
.. 20
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| │ | │ | │ | ┌20A. | Horns of thecaeThecae: One of the lobes of an anther in which pollen is produced.
shorter than width of stamenStamen: The pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower.
. E Sarawak and Brunei, mainly sandstones .. 📌Aridarum caulescens
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| │ | │ | │ | └20B. | Horns of thecaeThecae: One of the lobes of an anther in which pollen is produced.
longer than width of stamenStamen: The pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower.
. NE Sarawak, shales .. 📌Aridarum purseglovei
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